1. Physiology, Osmosis - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf
A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration compared to the intracellular solute concentration. When placing a red blood cell in any hypertonic ...
In physiology, osmosis (Greek for push) is the net movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.[1][2] Across this membrane, water will tend to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. It is important to emphasize that ideal osmosis requires only the movement of pure water across the membrane without any movement of solute particles across the semipermeable membrane. Osmosis can still occur with some permeability of solute particles, but the osmotic effect becomes reduced with greater solute permeability across the semipermeable membrane. It is also true that, at a specific moment in time, water molecules can move towards either the higher or lower concentration solutions, but the net movement of water will be towards the higher solute concentration. The compartment with the highest solute and lowest water concentration has the greatest osmotic pressure. Osmotic pressure can be calculated with the van 't Hoff equation, which states that osmotic pressure depends on the number of solute particles, temperature, and how well a solute particle can move across a membrane. Its measured osmolality can describe the osmotic pressure of a solution. The osmolality of a solution describes how many particles are dissolved in the solution. The reflection coefficient of a semipermeable membrane describes how well solutes permeate the membrane. This coefficient ranges from 0 to 1. A reflection coefficient of 1 means a solute is impermeable. A reflection coefficient of 0 means a solute can freely permeable, and the solute can no generate osmotic pressure across the membrane.[2] The compartment with the greatest osmotic pressure will pull water in and tend to equalize the solute concentration difference between the compartments. The physical driving force of osmosis is the increase in entropy generated by the movement of free water molecules. There is also thought that the interaction of solute particles with membrane pores is involved in generating a negative pressure, which is the osmotic pressure driving the flow of water.[3] Reverse osmosis occurs when water is forced to flow in the opposite direction. In reverse osmosis, water flows into the compartment with lower osmotic pressure and higher water concentration. This flow is only possible with the application of an external force to the system. Reverse osmosis is commonly used to purify drinking water and requires the input of energy. [4] The concept of osmosis should not be confused with diffusion. Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of high to low concentration. One can think of osmosis as a specific type of diffusion. Both osmosis and diffusion are passive processes and involve the movement of particles from an area of high to low concentration.[2][5]
2. A fluid that has a higher concentration of solutes than a cell is called
A fluid that has a higher concentration of solutes than a cell is called a hypertonic solution. Therefore, the correct option is option (c).
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3. Tonicity: hypertonic, isotonic & hypotonic solutions (article)
A solution will be hypertonic to a cell if its solute concentration is higher than that inside the cell, and the solutes cannot cross the membrane.
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4. Solutions that have a higher solute concentration than the inside of a ...
When a solution is more concentrated than the inside of a cell, it is said to be hypertonic to the cell. Water will move out of the cell and into the ...
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5. 9.7: Osmosis and Diffusion - Chemistry LibreTexts
Sep 15, 2022 · In comparing two solutions of unequal solute concentration, the solution with the higher solute concentration is hypertonic, and the ...
Fish cells, like all cells, have semipermeable membranes. Eventually, the concentration of "stuff" on either side of them will even out. A fish that lives in salt water will have somewhat …
6. Hypotonic solution - Definition and Examples - Biology Online Dictionary
Aug 6, 2023 · A solution with a higher concentration of solutes compared to the cell. A solution with a lower concentration of solutes compared to the cell.
All about hypotonic solutions, its comparison to hypertonic and isotonic solutions, biological importance of hypotonic solution
7. Osmosis, Tonicity, and Hydrostatic Pressure - Vivo.Colostate.edu
Isotonic: The solutions being compared have equal concentration of solutes. Hypertonic: The solution with the higher concentration of solutes. Hypotonic: The ...
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8. Isotonic vs. Hypotonic vs. Hypertonic Solution - Biology Dictionary
Apr 22, 2018 · Hypertonic solutions have a higher solute concentration than inside the cell. This causes water to rush out making the cell wrinkle or shrivel.
The effects of isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic extracellular environments on plant and animal cells is the same. However, due to the cell walls of plants, the visible effects differ. Although some effects can be seen, the rigid cell wall can hide the magnitude of what is going on inside.
FAQs
A Solution With A Higher Concentration Of Solutes Than That Of The Cell Is Called? ›
A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration compared to the intracellular solute concentration.
What is a solution with a higher concentration of solutes than of the cell called? ›A hypertonic solution is a particular type of solution that has a greater concentration of solutes on the outside of a cell when compared with the inside of a cell.
What is a solution with more solutes than solvents called? ›So, the solution which contains more solute than that could be dissolved by the solvent under normal conditions is known as a supersaturated solution.
What is hypertonic hypotonic and isotonic? ›The three commonly seen types of sports drinks are: Hypotonic has a lower concentration of fluid, sugars and salt than blood. Hypertonic has a higher concentration of fluid, sugars and salt than blood. Isotonic has similar concentration of fluid, sugars and salt to blood.
What is the higher concentration of solute? ›Hypertonic: The solution with the higher concentration of solutes. Hypotonic: The solution with the lower concentration of solutes.
What type of solution has a higher concentration of water than the cell? ›A hypertonic solution has a water concentration greater than that is found inside the cell.
What is the meaning of hypertonic? ›Hypertonic refers to a solution with higher osmotic pressure than another solution. In other words, a hypertonic solution is one in which there is a greater concentration or number of solute particles outside a membrane than there are inside it.
What do you call a solution with large amount of solute compared to solvent solute tends to crystallize? ›Supersaturated solutions, which contain more dissolved solute than allowed under particular conditions, are not stable; the addition of a seed crystal, a small particle of solute, will usually cause the excess solute to crystallize.
What is a solution with more than one solute example? ›There can only be one solvent in a solution, but there can be many solutes. Soda pop is a good example - the solvent is water and the solutes include carbon dioxide, sugar, flavorings, caramel color etc.
What is an isotonic solution? ›Solutions that contain the same concentration of water and solutes as the cell cytoplasm are called isotonic solutions. Cells placed in an isotonic solution will neither shrink nor swell since there is no net gain or loss of water.
What is hypertonic and hypotonic osmosis? ›
If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, the solution has a lower water concentration than the cell cytosol, and water moves out of the cell until both solutions are isotonic. Cells placed in a hypotonic solution will take in water across their membranes until both the external solution and the cytosol are isotonic.
What are isotonic and hypotonic fluids? ›Hypotonic fluid is defined as any fluid which has tonicity lower than that of 0.9% sodium chloride, such as 0.45% sodium chloride or 0.18% sodium chloride. An isotonic fluid is defined as normal saline (0.9%), Hartmann's solution, Ringer's lactate, and any other fluid with osmolality close to that of plasma [35].
What is a hypotonic solution in biology? ›Biology definition:
A hypotonic solution is a solution that has lower osmotic pressure than another solution to which it is compared. It may also mean a solution that contains a lower amount of solute as compared with the solute concentration in the other solution across a semipermeable membrane.
A high concentration of a substance in a solution means that there's a lot of it relative to the volume: the Great Salt Lake has very few fish because of the high concentration of salt. To say that you have good concentration skills means that you pay attention well.
What is a solute than a solvent? ›The amount of solvent in a fluid solution is greater than the amount of solute. Salt and water are two of the most common examples of solutes in our daily lives. Since salt dissolves in water, it is the solute. A solute is a substance that can be dissolved into a solution by a solvent.
What are the 3 types of solubility? ›Based on the concentration of solute dissolves in a solvent, solutes are categorized into highly soluble, sparingly soluble or insoluble. If a concentration of 0.1 g or more of a solute can be dissolved in a 100ml solvent, it is said to be soluble.